There is significant discretion in imposing a penalty for civil contempt of court for breaching an order prohibiting the unauthorized use of title, holding out,
The principle of open hearings has taken on greater significance in recent years. It is rare for the privacy interests of a party to regulatory
The authority and process for investigators to access and copy the electronic devices of registrants is an evolving area of law for regulators. A discipline
There has been a recent emphasis on the need to process registration applications quickly. In Ontario, legislative timelines are imposed on regulators. The impact of
A frequent discussion at the courts in recent years is how regulators are to balance interests protected by the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
Regulators are often uncertain about proceeding with discipline allegations, even serious ones, when there are parallel criminal proceedings. The regulator does not wish to interfere
Courts have been fond in recent years of dispensing with hard and fast rules and using a contextual approach of whether, “in all of the
The three principles of procedural fairness for regulators are: give notice, provide an opportunity to respond, and then consider the response. Most challenges to regulatory
In recent decades there has been a shift in thinking about whether regulators should publish pending allegations of misconduct. Years ago, there was concern that
Once a final regulatory decision has been made, a registrant can usually appeal or seek judicial review. Such challenges take time. At least months. An